What Does the Law Require
By law, mutual funds are required to release complete portfolio holdings only twice a year. For actively managed funds, in the interim of 6 months, their holdings could have been turned over many times and the information at investors’ hands can never be real time, live feeds, considering today’s online technology has made instant exchange of information nothing but possible. In fact, the decades-old securities law enacted such a rule because of the concern that fund companies couldn’t afford to mail out a report every day.

Objection to Frequent Portfolio Disclosure
Chief concern among mutual fund companies is that timely portfolio updates of fund holdings can tip off their intentions to the market. It may cause potential front run on a fund where other traders can buy shares ahead of the fund and drive up prices, while the fund is still taking the time to build up positions in a stock. But supporters of full, on-time publication of portfolio holdings argue that the hidden reason why funds are reluctant to do anything beyond what the law requires is that managers might be concerned about revealing questionable trading practice in any disclosure. Funds do a lot of window-dressing trading close to quarter end to boost performance and increase management compensation.

Other Concerns by Financial Advisers
Some financial advisory don’t think that requiring more disclosures of a fund’s holdings is a good idea. They contend that overwhelming information can lead investors to losing their long-term focus and becoming obsessed with fund trading. The advantage of having accessible information as claimed by some investors may be overblown. They also observe that people who are trading stocks and looking for ideas are more interested in getting a first look at a fund’s holdings.

Amid all the conflicting viewpoints, some mutual fund companies are stepping up to make more frequent disclosures on their portfolio holdings. More quarterly updates are now available, with monthly reports on top holdings. To the delight of some investors, a fund named OpenFund lets investors view active trading on its website, while others post weekly trading commentaries by fund managers. A standard monthly reporting ought to be possible if the idea of leaving out sensible trading information is made to consensus.

Here is a brief overview of the two terms, the “bull market” and the “bear market”. Let’s start with the bull market. The bull market is when most traders feel that they have felt something positive about a certain stock market and they want to buy stocks. This will usually happen during a long bull markets period that the stock market would keep going up and up.

As for the bear market, the bear market is actually the opposite of the bull market and it is when the stock market is constantly going down no matter what a trader would do. This will usually happen during the times that a trader loses sleep and if they continually wonder whether they should be selling their stocks.

However, most of the time the market is placed somewhere in between the bull and the bear market. Normally, the better stocks would go up over time and then the stocks of the companies doing poorly would go down. It is always considered wise to always try to pick a stock of company that is doing well or will do well when the time comes.

Now that you know the difference between a bull and a bear market, what does it mean for you.  Many times an investor has no control over what is happening in the world that affects the stock market.  If the market is experience a downward turn, it is a good idea to invest in defensive stocks.  Find those stocks that experience little volatility.  Another idea, is to go the sidelines and wait it out.  The problem with this trading technique is, you may miss the rally.

The stock market can be broken down into sectors based on the types of stocks for sale, such as blue chip stocks, industrial stocks, technology stocks, or financial stocks. The financial sector is a popular area for investment, but as with all stock market investments, and indeed all of life, it is important to know what your are buying before you buy it. What that means for you is that you need to research the companies that you are interested in.

All companies in the United States are required to send financial information to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which posts this information on its web site. By looking through the financial filings of companies, you find out a lot about them. Some things to look at are: how much the company owes, how much it makes per year, and how much it has paid out to investors in the past in the form of dividends. You can find out more about what to look for in these financial filings by going to your local library and checking out any book on the stock market.

There’s more to the stock market than just this, however. One thing that is hammered into the heads of all business school graduates is this: diversify, diversify, diversify. Think about it: if all of your money is tied up in one company, and that company goes belly-up, you have no hope. But if you have spread out your investments over many different companies, then you will take only a small loss. Something else to watch out for is becoming too attached to your stocks. We all have our favorite companies, but if your pet stock is showing losses quarter after quarter, it may be time to bail. It’s better to take a small loss now than to wait until that favorite company is selling for pennies per share.

There is much more to playing the stock market than just this, of course, but if you follow these few simple tricks, you’ll be well on your way to success.